Algorithm aided to urban and environmental planning

Multi-objective optimization of the Via Transbrasília section

Abstract

In urban planning, morphology is commonly standardized and often does not take into account the diversity of factors that make up the built environment, which can harm environmental and commercial performance, since the influence of the urban context and urban parameters directly interfere with radiation levels (irradiance), natural lighting and constructive potential. The study aims to analyze possibilities of urban occupation that optimize urban morphology, aiming to meet four objectives: alleviating the incidence of solar radiation to reduce thermal load, better use of natural light, maximizing built-up area and verticalization for real estate valuation. Five homogeneous morphology control scenarios were created that serve as a basis for comparison for the 900 (nine hundred) scenarios generated from the evolutionary analysis with the Wallacei plugin. The results shows that homogeneous morphologies cannot meet all objectives in an equivalent way, whereas morphologies with variation between buildings have greater capacity to meet different objectives and can obtain an optimized performance. It can be concluded that the use of multiobjective evolutionary analysis combined with computer simulations can be of great value for urban planning, breaking the concept of mass standardization and enabling the customization of urban elements. The study demonstrates that  we can use computational tools that help in planning more balanced cities, allowing us to conciliate environmental performance and other parameters inherent to the urban context.